SARS-CoV-2 recombinant

Abstract

Apariția sindromului respirator acut sever coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), agentul patogen responsabil de boala coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), a devastat serviciile de sănătate publică și economiile din întreaga lume. În ciuda eforturilor globale de a contracara pandemia COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 se găsește acum în peste 200 de țări și a provocat o creștere a numărului de decese de peste 1 milion de vieți umane începând cu noiembrie 2020. Până în prezent, doar o singură administrație pentru alimente și medicamente Medicamentul terapeutic aprobat de (FDA) (Remdesivir) și un anticorp monoclonal, MAb (Bamlanivimab) sunt disponibile pentru tratamentul SARS-CoV-2. Ca și în cazul altor viruși, studierea SARS-CoV-2 necesită utilizarea unor abordări secundare pentru a detecta prezența virusului în celulele infectate. Pentru a depăși această limitare, am generat recombinant (r) SARS-CoV-2 care exprimă gene fluorescente (Venus sau mCherry) sau bioluminescente (Nluc) care raportează gene. Celulele Vero E6 infectate cu rSARS-CoV-2 care exprimă reporterul pot fi ușor detectate prin fluorescență sau prin expresia luciferazei și prezintă o corelație bună între expresia genei raportoare și replicarea virală. Mai mult, genele raportoare care exprimă rSARS-CoV-2 au dimensiuni ale plăcii și cinetică de creștere comparabile cu cele ale virusului de tip sălbatic, rSARS-CoV-2 / WT. Am folosit aceste rSARS-CoV-2 care exprimă reporterul pentru a demonstra fezabilitatea lor de a identifica anticorpi neutralizanți (NAbs) sau medicamente antivirale. Rezultatele noastre demonstrează că rSARS-CoV-2 care exprimă reporterul reprezintă o opțiune excelentă pentru identificarea terapeutice pentru tratamentul SARS-CoV-2, unde expresia genei reporter poate fi utilizată ca surogate valide pentru a urmări infecția virală. Mai mult, capacitatea de a manipula genomul viral deschide fezabilitatea generării de viruși care exprimă gene străine pentru utilizarea lor ca vaccinuri pentru tratamentul infecției cu SARS-CoV-2.

IMPORTANȚĂ Sindromul respirator acut sever coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), agentul patogen care cauzează boala coronavirusului 2019 (COVID-19), a avut un impact semnificativ asupra sănătății umane și asupra statutului economic la nivel mondial. Există o nevoie urgentă de a identifica profilactici și terapii eficiente pentru tratamentul infecției cu SARS-CoV-2 și a bolii asociate COVID-19. Utilizarea reporterului care exprimă fluorescența sau luciferaza care exprimă viruși a avansat semnificativ cercetarea virală. Aici, am generat recombinante (r) SARS-CoV-2 care exprimă gene fluorescente (Venus și mCherry) sau luciferază (Nluc) și am demonstrat că acestea reprezintă o opțiune excelentă de urmărire a infecțiilor virale in vitro.

Important, rSARS-CoV-2 care exprimă reporterul prezintă o cinetică de creștere similară și un fenotip al plăcii ca omologul lor de tip sălbatic (rSARS-CoV-2 / WT), demonstrând fezabilitatea lor de a identifica medicamente și / sau anticorpi neutralizanți (NAbs) pentru tratamentul terapeutic. tratamentul SARS-CoV-2. De acum înainte, acest rSARS-CoV-2 care exprimă reporterul poate fi folosit pentru a interoga biblioteci mari de compuși și / sau anticorpi monoclonali (MAb), în setări de screening cu randament ridicat, pentru a identifica pe cei cu potențial terapeutic împotriva SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
97-092	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 714.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
92-727	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 468.6
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
92-731	ProSci	0.05 mg	EUR 556.8
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
10-409	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 714.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
10-422	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 714.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
10-423	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 714.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
10-424	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 714.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S2 Recombinant Protein
10-426	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 651.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) S1 Recombinant Protein
10-428	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 651.3
Description: Protein S (PROS1) is glycoprotein and expressed in many cell types supporting its reported involvement in multiple biological processes that include coagulation, apoptosis, cancer development and progression, and the innate immune response. Known receptors bind S1 are ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, DPP4, CEACAM etc.. The spike (S) glycoprotein of coronaviruses is known to be essential in the binding of the virus to the host cell at the advent of the infection process. Most notable is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) glycoprotein alone can mediate the membrane fusion required for virus entry and cell fusion. It is also a major immunogen and a target for entry inhibitors. It's been reported that 2019-nCoV can infect the human respiratory epithelial cells through interaction with the human ACE2 receptor. The spike protein is a large type I transmembrane protein containing two subunits, S1 and S2. S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) M Recombinant Protein
10-429	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 651.3
Description: Membrane glycoprotein is involved in the formation and budding of the viral envelope, that is, in the assembly and release of the virus, inhibiting IFN attack.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RBD Recombinant Protein
10-078	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 619.8
Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family 1. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, which shares 79.6% identity with SARS-CoV, encodes four essential structural proteins: the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid protein (N) 2. The S protein is a transmembrane, homotrimeric, class I fusion glycoprotein that mediates viral attachment, fusion, and entry into host cells 3. Each ~180 kDa monomer contains two functional subunits, S1 (~700 a.a) and S2 (~600 a.a), that mediate viral attachment and membrane fusion, respectively. S1 contains two major domains, the N-terminal (NTD) and C-terminal domains (CTD). The CTD contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells 3-5. Although both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 bind the ACE2 receptor, the RBDs only share ~73% amino acid identity, and the SARS-CoV-2 RBD binds with a higher affinity compared to SARS-CoV 3, 6. The RBD is dynamic and undergoes hinge-like conformational changes, referred to as the “down” or “up” conformations, which hide or expose the receptor-binding motifs, respectively 7. Following receptor binding, S1 destabilizes, and TMPRSS2 cleaves S2, which undergoes a pre- to post-fusion conformation transition, allowing for membrane fusion 8, 9. _x000D__x000D__x000D_Polyclonal RBD-specific antibodies can block ACE2 binding 10, 11, and anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies are present in the sera of convalescent COVID19 patients 12, identifying the RBD as an attractive candidate for vaccines and therapeutics. In addition, the RBD is poorly conserved, making it a promising antigen for diagnostic tests 13 14. Serologic tests for the RBD are highly sensitive and specific for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID19 patients 13 15. Furthermore, the levels of anti-RBD antibodies correlated with SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, suggesting the RBD could be used to predict an individual's risk of disease 13._x000D_

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) NTD Recombinant Protein
10-079	ProSci	0.1 mg	EUR 821.4
Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family 1. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, which shares 79.6% identity with SARS-CoV, encodes four essential structural proteins: the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid protein (N) 2. The S protein is a transmembrane, homotrimeric, class I fusion glycoprotein that mediates viral attachment, fusion, and entry into host cells 3. Each ~180 kDa monomer contains two functional subunits, S1 (~700 a.a) and S2 (~600 a.a), that mediate viral attachment and membrane fusion, respectively. S1 contains two major domains, the N-terminal (NTD) and C-terminal domains (CTD). In both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the CTD contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells3-5. The NTD of SARS-CoV-2 does not bind to ACE26, and the function of NTD in SARS-CoV-2 infection is not well understood. In other CoVs, the NTD may promote attachment by binding to sugar moieties7 and might play a role in the conformational change of S2 required for membrane fusion8. While most neutralizing antibodies target the RBD domain and block receptor binding, potent neutralizing antibodies targeting NTD were isolated from convalescent COVID19 patients9, identifying the NTD as an attractive candidate for vaccines and therapeutics. In addition, the NTD is a promising antigen for diagnostic tests, as there is only 53.5% homology between the NTD of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV10.